Compare New Caledonia (2003) - South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2002)

Compare New Caledonia (2003) z South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2002)

	New Caledonia (2003)	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2002)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 provinces named Iles Loyaute, Nord, and Sud	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 29.7% (male 31,990; female 30,695) 15-64 years: 64.2% (male 68,093; female 67,205) 65 years and over: 6.1% (male 6,016; female 6,799) (2003 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	vegetables; beef, deer, other livestock products	-
Airports	30 (2002)	none (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 9 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 6 under 914 m: 2 (2002)	-
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 21 914 to 1,523 m: 12 under 914 m: 9 (2002)	-
Area	total: 19,060 sq km land: 18,575 sq km water: 485 sq km	total: 3,903 sq km land: 3,903 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of some nine islands
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than New Jersey	slightly larger than Rhode Island
Background	Settled by both Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the island was made a French possession in 1853. It served as a penal colony for four decades after 1864. Agitation for independence during the 1980s and early 1990s seems to have dissipated.	The islands lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands and have been under British administration since 1908 except for a brief period in 1982 when Argentina occupied them. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. The famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses scientists from the British Antarctic Survey. The islands have large bird and seal populations and, recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 NM to 200 NM around each island.
Birth rate	19.45 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $861.3 million expenditures: $735.3 million, including capital expenditures of $52 million (1996 est.)	-
Capital	Noumea	-
Climate	tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid	variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow
Coastline	2,254 km	NA km
Constitution	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)	adopted 3 October 1985
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies conventional short form: New Caledonia local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie	conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands conventional short form: none
Currency	Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF); note - may adopt the euro in 2003	-
Death rate	5.63 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)	-
Debt - external	$79 million (1998 est.)	-
Dependency status	overseas territory of France since 1956	overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by a commissioner, who is concurrently governor of the Falkland Islands, representing Queen ELIZABETH II; Grytviken, formerly a whaling station on South Georgia, is a scientific base
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of France)	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of France)	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Disputes - international	Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by France and Vanuatu	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands occupied briefly by Argentina in 1982; islands continue to be claimed by Argentina
Economic aid - recipient	$880 million annual subsidy from France	-
Economy - overview	New Caledonia has about 25% of the world's known nickel resources. Only a small amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 20% of imports. In addition to nickel, substantial financial support from France - equal to more than one-fourth of GDP - and tourism are keys to the health of the economy. Substantial new investment in the nickel industry, combined with the recovery of global nickel prices, brightens the economic outlook for the next several years.	Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting fin fish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK, sale of fishing licenses, and harbor and landing fees from tourist vessels. Tourism from specialized cruise ships is increasing rapidly.
Electricity - consumption	1.5 billion kWh (2001)	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - production	1.613 billion kWh (2001)	NA kWh
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 76.3% hydro: 23.7% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	fossil fuel: NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA%
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m
Environment - current issues	erosion caused by mining exploitation and forest fires	NA
Ethnic groups	Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%, Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%, other 3%	-
Exchange rates	Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 135.04 (January 2002), 133.26 (2001), 129.44 (2000), 111.93 (1999), 107.25 (1998)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: President of France Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by High Commissioner Daniel CONSTANTIN (since 3 July 2002) head of government: President of the Government Pierre FROGIER (since 5 April 2001) cabinet: Consultative Committee elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the government elected by the members of the Territorial Congress; note - last election held 28 November 2002 when Pierre FROGIER was reelected	-
Exports	NA (2001)	-
Exports - commodities	ferronickels, nickel ore, fish	-
Exports - partners	Japan 20.6%, France 20.4%, Taiwan 16.3%, South Africa 11.3%, Spain 7.7%, South Korea 5.4%, Australia 5.4%, Italy 5.3% (2002)	-
Fiscal year	calendar year	-
Flag description	the flag of France is used	the flag of the UK is used
GDP	purchasing power parity - $3 billion (2002 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 5% industry: 30% services: 65% (1997 est.)	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $14,000 (2002 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA	-
Geographic coordinates	21 30 S, 165 30 E	54 30 S, 37 00 W
Geography - note	consists of the main island of New Caledonia (one of the largest in the Pacific Ocean), the archipelago of Iles Loyaute, and numerous small, sparsely populated islands and atolls	the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in the 21st century, live on South Georgia
Heliports	5 (2002)	-
Highways	total: 4,825 km paved: 2,287 km unpaved: 2,538 km (1999)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	NA (2001)	-
Imports - commodities	machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs	-
Imports - partners	France 52.8%, Australia 12.7%, Singapore 9.8% (2002)	-
Independence	none (overseas territory of France); note - a referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass; a new referendum is scheduled for 2014	-
Industrial production growth rate	-0.6% (1996)	-
Industries	nickel mining and smelting	-
Infant mortality rate	total: 8.06 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.76 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.31 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-0.6% (2000 est.)	-
International organization participation	ESCAP (associate), FZ, ICFTU, SPC, WFTU, WMO	-
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	160 sq km (1991)	0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court	-
Labor force	79,395 (including 15,018 unemployed, 1996)	-
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 7%, industry 23%, services 70% (1999 est.)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0.38% permanent crops: 0.33% other: 99.29% (1998 est.)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen) (1998 est.)
Languages	French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects	-
Legal system	the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy to the islands; formerly under French law	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply; the senior magistrate from the Falkland Islands presides over the Magistrates Court
Legislative branch	unicameral Territorial Congress or Congres Territorial (54 seats; members are members of the three Provincial Assemblies or Assemblees Provinciales elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 9 May 1999 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPCR 24, FLNKS 12, UNI 6, FCCI 4, FN 4, Alliance pour la Caledonie 3, LKS 1 note: New Caledonia elects 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held NA September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; New Caledonia also elects 2 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 and 16 June 2002 (next to be held by June 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP 2	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 73.52 years male: 70.57 years female: 76.62 years (2003 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 91% male: 92% female: 90% (1976 est.)	-
Location	Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America
Map references	Oceania	Antarctic Region
Maritime claims	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,261 GRT/1,600 DWT ships by type: cargo 1 note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: Malaysia 1 (2002 est.)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	no regular indigenous military forces; French Armed Forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie); Police Force	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$192.3 million (FY96)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	5.3% (FY96)	-
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)
Nationality	noun: New Caledonian(s) adjective: New Caledonian	-
Natural hazards	cyclones, most frequent from November to March	the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism
Natural resources	nickel, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold, lead, copper	fish
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)	-
Political parties and leaders	Alliance pour la Caledonie or APLC [Didier LE ROUX]; Federation des Comites de Coordination des Independantistes or FCCI [Francois BURCK]; Front National or FN [Guy GEORGE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS [leader NA] (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM); Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Paul NEAOUTYINE and Elie POIGOUNE]; Rally for Caledonia in the Republic (anti independent) or RPCR [Jacques LAFLEUR]; Union Nationale pour l'Independance or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; note - may no longer exist, but Paul NEAOUTYINE has since become a president of Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM [Victor TUTUGORO]	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	-
Population	210,798 (July 2003 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001, to be replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey, which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Population growth rate	1.38% (2003 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	Mueo, Noumea, Thio	Grytviken
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)	0 (2003)
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10%	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2003 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken
Telephones - main lines in use	47,000 (1997)	-
Telephones - mobile cellular	13,040 (1998)	-
Television broadcast stations	6 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1997)	0 (2003)
Terrain	coastal plains with interior mountains	most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes
Total fertility rate	2.39 children born/woman (2003 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	19% (1996)	-
Waterways	none	none

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